Classical Text 古典文獻 · I Ching 易經
Hexagram 43 — Lake over Heaven (澤天夬) - Breakthrough
夬
Lower Canon 下經
Hexagram Symbol & Trigrams
卦象與八卦
Judgment
卦辭
夬：揚於王庭，孚號，有厲，告自邑，不利即戎，利有攸往。
Breakthrough. One must resolutely make the matter known at the court of the king. It must be announced truthfully. Danger. It is necessary to notify one's own city. It does not further to resort to arms. It furthers one to undertake something.
Image
象傳
象曰：澤上於天，夬；君子以施祿及下，居德則忌。
The lake has risen up to heaven: the image of Breakthrough. Thus the superior man dispenses riches downward and refrains from resting on his virtue.
Interpretation
詮釋
夬卦象徵決斷與突破。澤上於天，陽決陰，君子應果斷決絕小人，但須謹慎行事。
Breakthrough and determination. Lake above heaven, yang decides yin, the noble should resolutely eliminate petty people, but must act cautiously.
Six Lines
爻辭
Nine at the beginning
初九
壯於前趾，往不勝為咎。
Mighty in the forward-striding toes. When one goes and is not equal to the task, one makes a mistake.
力壯於足趾，前往若不能勝任則有咎。躁進而力不足，必招失敗。
Power in toes, going forth unable to succeed brings blame. Rushing ahead without sufficient strength inevitably brings failure.
Nine in the second place
九二
惕號，莫夜有戎，勿恤。
A cry of alarm. Arms at evening and at night. Fear nothing.
警惕呼號，暮夜有兵，勿憂慮。保持警覺，有備無患。
Vigilant alarm, troops at dusk and night, no worry. Staying alert, prepared against danger.
Nine in the third place
九三
壯於頄，有凶。君子夬夬，獨行遇雨，若濡有慍，無咎。
To be powerful in the cheekbones brings misfortune. The superior man is firmly resolved. He walks alone and is caught in the rain. He is bespattered, and people murmur against him. No blame.
力壯於顴骨，有凶。君子果決，獨行遇雨，被淋濕遭怨，無咎。剛決過甚反招禍，但堅持正道終無咎。
Power in cheekbones brings misfortune. Noble resolute, walking alone meets rain, getting wet incurs resentment, no blame. Excessive firmness invites trouble, but persisting in righteousness brings no blame.
Nine in the fourth place
九四
臀無膚，其行次且。牽羊悔亡，聞言不信。
There is no skin on his thighs, and walking comes hard. If a man were to let himself be led like a sheep, remorse would disappear. But if these words are heard, they will not be believed.
臀部無皮，行走艱難。牽羊般順從則悔恨消失，但聞言不信。進退兩難，應謙遜聽勸。
No skin on buttocks, walking difficult. Following like sheep remorse vanishes, but hearing words disbelieves. In dilemma, should be humble and heed advice.
Nine in the fifth place
九五
莧陸夬夬，中行無咎。
In dealing with weeds, firm resolution is necessary. Walking in the middle remains free of blame.
決除莧菜雜草，行中道無咎。堅決清除小人，但需守中正之道。
Deciding to remove amaranth weeds, walking middle path no blame. Resolutely eliminating petty people, but must maintain balanced way.
Six at the top
上六
無號，終有凶。
No cry. In the end misfortune comes.
不呼號警告，終有凶險。孤立無援，不求助必敗。
Not calling for alarm, finally brings misfortune. Isolated without support, not seeking help leads to failure.
Source: I Ching (易經), Hexagram 43