Classical Text 古典文獻 · I Ching 易經
Hexagram 7 — Earth over Water (地水師) - The Army
師
Upper Canon 上經
Hexagram Symbol & Trigrams
卦象與八卦
Judgment
卦辭
師：貞，丈人，吉，無咎。
The Army. The army needs perseverance and a strong man. Good fortune without blame.
Image
象傳
象曰：地中有水，師；君子以容民畜眾。
In the middle of the earth is water: the image of the Army. Thus the superior man increases his masses by generosity toward the people.
Interpretation
詮釋
師卦象徵軍隊與組織。地中藏水，潛藏著巨大的力量。暗示著需要紀律、正義與有能力的領導者。
Military and organization. Great hidden strength. Suggests the need for discipline, righteousness, and capable leadership.
Six Lines
爻辭
Six at the beginning
初六
師出以律，否臧凶。
An army must set forth in proper order. If the order is not good, misfortune threatens.
軍隊出征必須遵守紀律，否則即使勝利也招致凶險。
An army must march with discipline, otherwise even victory brings misfortune.
Nine in the second place
九二
在師中，吉，無咎，王三錫命。
In the midst of the army. Good fortune. No blame. The king bestows honors three times.
居於軍中統帥，吉祥無咎。君王三次頒賜嘉獎。
Commanding from the center brings fortune and no blame. The king bestows honors three times.
Six in the third place
六三
師或輿尸，凶。
Perchance the army carries corpses in the wagon. Misfortune.
軍隊可能運載屍體，凶。指揮不當導致失敗。
The army may carry corpses. Misfortune. Poor command leads to defeat.
Six in the fourth place
六四
師左次，無咎。
The army retreats. No blame.
軍隊撤退駐守，無咎。知難而退是明智之舉。
The army retreats and takes a defensive position. No blame. Strategic withdrawal is wise.
Six in the fifth place
六五
田有禽，利執言，無咎。長子帥師，弟子輿尸，貞凶。
There is game in the field. It furthers one to catch it. Without blame. Let the eldest lead the army. The younger transports corpses; perseverance brings misfortune.
田中有獵物宜捕捉。長子領軍則吉，幼子則敗。用人要得當。
Game in the field should be caught. The eldest son leads well, the younger fails. Choose leaders appropriately.
Six at the top
上六
大君有命，開國承家，小人勿用。
The great prince issues commands, founds states, vests families with fiefs. Inferior people should not be employed.
君主頒布命令，建國封侯。但不可重用小人。
The ruler issues decrees, establishes states and grants fiefs. But petty people must not be employed.
Source: I Ching (易經), Hexagram 7